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On this day - 1552 & 1971
Topic Started: 3 Dec 2015, 07:39 AM (217 Views)
daib0
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3 DECEMBER



Day of Navarre in Spain

The Day of Navarre (Día de Navarra) in Spain marks the anniversary of Saint Francis Xavier's death on December 3, 1552. It is annually observed on December 3 and celebrates the Spanish Navarre region's culture.

What Do People Do?

Events around the Day of Navarre and the Day of Saint Francis Xavier generally last for about two weeks in late November and early December. These include:

Church services and religious parades to honor the life of Saint Francis Xavier.
Concerts of local and traditional music.
The presentation of medals recognizing the achievements of local people.
Special activities for children and families.
Many activities take place in the city of Pamplona, but some are also arranged in other towns and villages.

Public Life

The Day of Navarre is a public holiday in Spain's Navarre region, but not in the rest of Spain, on December 3. Many businesses and other organizations are closed. Many stores are closed but some bakers and food stores may be open. Public transport services may run to a reduced schedule. Parades and other public events may cause some local disruption to traffic, especially in the centers of towns and villages.

Background

Saint Francis Xavier was born on April 7, 1506, in Javier, a tiny village in the Navarre Region of Spain. He became a Jesuit priest and worked as a missionary in China, India, Indonesia and Japan. He died on December 3, 1552, in China and was canonized on March 12, 1622. Saint Francis Xavier is now the patron saint of the autonomous community of Navarre. Navarre is an autonomous community in northern Spain on the southern edge of the Bay of Biscay. It has land borders with the autonomous communities of Aragon, La Rioja and the Basque Country.

Symbols

Navarre's flag consists of a bright red rectangle with the coat of arms of Navarre at the center. This coat of arms has a red background and consists of eight gold chains with an emerald in the middle. The Royal Crown, symbolizing the ancient kingdom of Navarre is above. This symbol was first used in 1212, when King Sancho VII the Strong defeated Moorish forces. The flag of Navarre is often displayed with the national flag of Spain and the European flag.



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Friday, December 3, 1971. : Pakistan invades India as a result of the Bangladeshi struggle for freedom.

The British Empire once stretched into almost every continent on Earth. In 1947, Britain dismantled its Indian empire and partitioned the sub-continent, resulting in an eruption of tensions between India and Pakistan. Pakistan itself was divided by civil war after its 1970 election saw the East Pakistani Awami League party win 167 of 169 seats in East Pakistan and 313 in total, claiming the right to form the Government. However, the Pakistan People's Party, representing West Pakistan, refused to give premiership of Pakistan to the East Pakistan party, and called in the military, which was made up largely of West Pakistanis. Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi, openly supported the Bangladeshi (East Pakistan) struggle for freedom, and opened the Bangladesh-India border to allow safe refuge to the Bengalis in India.

On 3 December 1971, the border battles escalated into full scale war as Pakistan launched air raids on India. The raids were not successful, and the Indian Air Force launched a counter-attack, quickly achieving the military upper hand. The Indian Army, together with exiled Bangladeshi fighters, launched a massive coordinated air, sea, and land attack on Pakistan, gaining ground quickly, and forcing the Pakistani Army to retreat. On December 6, India became the first nation to recognise the new Bangladeshi government. On December 16 the Pakistani forces in East Pakistan surrendered, and agreed to a unilateral ceasefire.


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daib0
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Birthday greetings today to...

Dan Snow historian, presenter 37
Jean-Luc Godard film director 85
Daryl Hannah actress 55
Franz Klammer Olympic gold medal skier 62
Ralph McTell singer songwriter 71
Julianne Moore actress 55
Craig Raine poet 71
Katarina Witt double Olympic gold, four time world champion skater 50

Also on this day ...

1944 Britain's Home Guard stood down
1984 Union Carbide leak in India kills hundreds




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